THE WORLD PORTAL

Robert Mugabe is the President of Zimbabwe. He has also served as prime minister and first executive head of state. Mugabe was born in Matibiri village in the Zvimba District north east of Salisbury in Southern Rhodesia as the son of Gabriel Mugabe Matibiri, a carpenter. When his father abandoned the Mugabe, he raised as Roman catholic. In his childhood, he was never socially popular nor physically active. He earned his bachelor of arts degree from Fort Hare University. Also he subsequently earned six further bachelor degrees in administration, education, science, laws etc. After graduating, he lectured at Chalimbana Teacher Training College, in Zambia. In 1960, he entered into prominence as the Secretary General of the Zimbabwe African National Union (ZANU). In between 1960 and 70, he was a political prisoner in Rhodesia. His goal was to replace white minority-rule with a one-party Marxist regime. In 1976, he left Rhodesia to join the Zimbabwe Liberation Struggle. In 1980, general elections he won and appointed as the prime minister. After the years, Zimbabwe’s independence saw an armed conflict between Mugabe’s Government and dissident followers of Joshua Nkomo’s ZAPU. Since 1998 Mugabe’s policies have faced domestic and international criticism. His government pursued a costly intervention in the Second Congo War, transformed thousands of white-owned farms, printed hundreds of trillions of Zimbabwean dollars triggering hyperinflation. Zimbabwe’s economy spiraled downward, with food and oil shortages, and with massive internal displacement and emigration. In 2007, ZANU-PF central committee had chosen Mugabe as the party’s presidential candidate. In 2008, September 15, South African leader Thabo Mbeki signed a power-sharing agreement. With that agreement, Robert Mugabe as the president, Morgan Tsvangirai as the prime minister and Arthur Mutambara becomes deputy prime minister of Zimbabwe. He holds several honorary degrees and doctorates from international universities. He is the first international figure to got an honorary degree by a British university.

Douglas Melton hold many positions like co-director of the Harvard stem cell institute, an investigator of the Howard Hughes medical institute, chairperson of the Harvard University department of stem cell and regenerative Biology, a faculty member of the department of molecular and cellular Biology, a member of the national academy of science, a founding member of the international society for stem cell research etc. He earned his bachelor’s degree in biology from Illinois University and he earned a B.A. in history and philosophy of science at Cambridge and earned Ph.D. in molecular biology at Trinity College and the MRC Laboratory of molecular Biology. When his infant son was diagnosed with type 1 diabetes, the only way to recover this disease take daily injections of insulin. Without insulin, the body can’t convert glucose into energy. At that time Melton thought about new way to recover this disease and he turned his attention to stem cells. At last he found new pancreatic beta cells that could be used as a treatment for diabetes. First his work is focused on pancreatic development in frogs and mice. When other scientists demonstrated it was possible to grow human embryonic stem cells in the laboratory, then his work has focused on identifying the factors that could transform human embryonic stem cells in the laboratory into pancreatic beta cells that secrete insulin. He also found a way to turn adult skin cells into human embryonic stem cells by fusing the cells. Due to his achievements, he was listed among 100 most influential people in the World by Time magazine.